PPIH and breast cancer: The ELISA results indicated that serum PPIH levels in the LIHC, COAD, BC, GC, and the healthy control group were 230.32 ± 12.57 pg/ml, 220.83 ± 11.90 pg/ml, 225.17 ± 14.97 pg/ml, 230.31 ± 14.36 pg/ml, and 250.01 ± 11.49 pg/ml, respectively.