In human prostate tumors, BATF messenger RNA level was positively correlated with IL-23A and IL-23R but not RORC.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our novel findings underscore the crucial role of IL-23-IL-23R signaling in mediating the function of Batf-dependent Th17 cells, thereby promoting prostate cancer initiation and progression. The gene discussed is IL23R; the disease is prostate neoplasm.