Leishmania-infected mice were injected with pimonidazole 1 hour before euthanasia at multiple time points after infection: (a) soon after parasite challenge (2 and 5 hours), (b) when lesions started to develop and CD8+ T cells were present and expressed GzmB (2 weeks), and (c) when lesions began to heal (9 weeks). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and infection.