Immunotherapy, targeting the interactions of PD-1 and PD-L1, has revolutionized the treatment landscape and significantly improved the overall survival (OS) of patients with various cancers including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, breast, renal, gastrointestinal, head and neck cancer, and so on [1–6]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.