Previous studies have demonstrated associations between DM (36), hypertension (59), heart failure (68), and gastrointestinal diseases (e.g., GERD, peptic ulcer disease, and ileus) (36), underweight (41), age at onset (36), albumin (64), and hemoglobin (67) with all-cause mortality in patients with schizophrenia. Here, ALB is linked to gastrointestinal disease.