TIM-1 promotes the migration and invasion of tumour cells mainly through tumour the closely related pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) (Figure 1) (Chen et al., 2022). Here, MAP2K7 is linked to neoplasm.