The TGF-beta/TGFBR1 signaling pathway can act as a tumor suppressor or promote tumor progression, inducing G1-phase arrest by elevating the expression of cell cycle inhibitors in early-stage tumors or facilitating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the metastatic process, respectively [52]. Here, TGFBR1 is linked to neoplasm.