TNF and cancer: [13, 15] Finally, for a range of different mutant cytokines (IFN I & II, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-1 (IL-1), respectively referred to as AcTaferon I, II (AFN, AFN-II), AcTafactor (AFR) and AcTaLeukin I (ALN-I)) targeted directly to either tumor cells, specific immune cells or tumor neovasculature, the antitumoral potential has been demonstrated in several murine and human cancer models.