BMAL1 and dilated cardiomyopathy: Germline deletion of Bmal1 results in dilated cardiomyopathy developing early in life (19), whereas inducible depletion of Bmal1 in cardiomyocytes of adult mice did not affect heart size or function, but did accentuate hypertrophy following hypertrophic stress by pressure overload, angiotensin II or phenylephrine (PE) (20).