Notably, knocking out TP53 or PTEN (two commonly mutated proteins in GBM [43, 44]) drives the network toward the MES state and may be a key cause of resistance to TMZ and RT [14, 45, 46] Interestingly, STAT3 knockout drives the network away from the MES state, toward the AC state. Here, PTEN is linked to glioblastoma.