The AP network – including the AP, NTS, PBN, PVN, BNST, and CeA, which are interconnected51,56–60 – show robust hyperactivity during cancer progression, starting from the pre-cachectic state when IL-6 starts to elevate in the AP (Fig. 3b-d) till cachectic state in different tumor models (Fig. 4g, h; Fig. 5f, g; Fig. 7i, j; Fig. 8d, e; and Fig. 10a, b). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and cancer.