SPDL1 and renal pelvis/ureter urothelial carcinoma: Similarly, patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma with elevated sPD-L1 levels prior to therapy had a shorter duration of OS (median: ~ 10 months vs not reached at ~ 70 months, p = 0.006) following treatment with chemotherapy compared to patients with lower baseline levels (Fig. 4D) [89].