For this purpose, we interrogated our stem cell GPI mutant transcriptomic signature, defined as the 314 commonly dysregulated genes in both Pigl- and Pigf-deficient mTSCs (Fig. 3 and Supplementary file 9) against several public human preeclampsia (PE) data sets and other pregnancy disorders associated with a malfunctioning placenta such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or diseases where a potential link to placental dysmorphologies has been suggested such as COVID-19 (Fig. 4A and Fig. S4A, Supplementary file 11). The gene discussed is GPI; the disease is fetal growth restriction.