In contrast, Chang et al. [56] discovered that OTUB2 is missing in ESCC tissues, while OTUB2 can deubiquitinate STAT1 and phosphorylate it, thereby activating CALML3 transcription and phospholipid acetylserine synthesis to exert tumor suppressive effects. The gene discussed is CALML3; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.