The WB analysis revealed an increase in p53 (p < 0.01; Figures 2A, B), Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (p < 0.05; Figures 2A, C), cytochrome c (p < 0.01; Figures 2A, D), and caspase-3 (p < 0.01; Figures 2A, E) protein levels in the T1D group compared to the control. Here, BAX is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.