GDF15 and leiomyosarcoma: Trovik et al. showed that uterine leiomyosarcoma patients had significantly higher circulating GDF-15 levels compared to leiomyomas patients, and the ROC curve analysis showed that GDF-15 has a certain accuracy in the diagnosis of ULMS and ULM, indicating that GDF-15 is an effective biomarker to distinguish ULM and ULMS 78.