A total of 53 relevant genes were identified, including several widely-studied molecules such as SMAD3, SOCS1, ERCC2, IL33, FGF2, FTO, CHRNA5, and PPM1N, with 44 genes related to asthma and 9 genes related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here, PPM1N is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.