AFP and adenocarcinoma: The number of case reports of AFP-producing adenocarcinomas in various organs is increasing, highlighting the need for updated knowledge in this area. However, the immunohistochemical characteristics and molecular diagnostics have been studied; the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of AFP-producing adenocarcinomas remain unclear [6]. One of the presumed genetic mechanisms of the development of AFP-producing adenocarcinomas is based on the transcription factor forkhead box A (FoxA), also known as hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-3.