IFT88 and atrial fibrillation: Next, we silenced IFT88 in the atrial fibroblasts isolated from non-AF patients (hereafter, non-AF fibroblasts) to examine if the knockdown of IFT88 in non-AF fibroblasts induces a phenotype switch to atrial fibroblasts isolated from AF patients (hereafter, AF atrial fibroblasts).