In cardiac diseases, monocytes are recruited to lesion sites via C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 2/ C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) and predominantly differentiate into the CCR2+MHC-IIhigh macrophage subset.22 The effects of recruited macrophages on cardiac function and cardiac remodeling would be deeply discussed in the following context given diverse functions in relation to specific pathological states. The gene discussed is CX3CL1; the disease is heart disorder.