Glutathione-s-transferases have been widely reported to be key enzymes strongly associated with insecticide resistance in African malaria vectors (Hemingwayet al., 2004;Inghamet al., 2018;Ransonet al., 2000;Riveronet al., 2014;Wildinget al., 2015) and now possibly tolerance/resistance to PBO-pyrethroid combination. This evidence concerns the gene HPGDS and malaria.