EMs-associated fibrosis is a relatively new area of research, it is necessary to determine whether the low adiponectin levels in patients with EMs are related to the severity of fibrosis in EMs or whether adiponectin plays a protective role in fibrosis of EMs by modulating signaling pathways, such as TGF-β1/Smad. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome.