CD40LG and systemic lupus erythematosus: In a cross-sectional study including 111 patients with APS, 119 patients with SLE, and 200 healthy controls, it was shown that the presence of aDI IgG/IgM/IgA in patients with aCL/aβ2GPI positivity increased the hazard ratio for APS diagnosis by 3–5-fold [23].