For the two ISGs that were not analysed in Part 2, guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) showed lower upregulation than the other ISGs in Part 1, and so was not evaluated in Part 2, and there were issues with the Part 2 assay for interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats-2 (IFIT2) that would have necessitated reanalysis, which was not possible due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, GBP1 is linked to COVID-19.