Finally, we explored the relative gene expression of two eHsp70 receptors (TLR2 and TLR4), two eATP receptors (P2X7R and P2Y2R), IL-1B, and NLRP3 inflammasome components (NLRP3 and CASP1) in the systemic compartment of COPD patients before and after lung transplantation. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.