MAPK3 and cancer: Otherstudies have also linked EFEMP1 to tumorigenesis through the EGFR/EFEMP1axis30 and the promotion of cancer cellmigration by modulating MMP-2 and 9 via various signaling pathways[ERK1/2, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)].51,52 Remarkably, silencing or knockdown of EFEMP1 in some of these studiesresulted in reversion of an aggressive phenotype.