PPARA and Hepatic steatosis: The mechanisms by which SIRT1 ameliorates hepatic steatosis include: deacetylation of PPARγ co-activator 1 α (PGC-1α) [38], which enhances the activity of this transcriptional co-activator, thereby leading to increased PPARα activation and the upregulation of genes encoding the enzymes participating in fatty acid oxidation; AMPK activation via the deacetylation and activation of the LKB1 kinase [39, 40]; and the attenuation of lipogenesis by the inhibition of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) [41].