In one study, researchers identified an oligodendrocyte subpopulation linked to a disease that emerges as an AD-like pathology in male AppNL-G-F and male 5xFAD AD mouse brains, as well as in postmortem AD human brains; this subpopulation was associated with Erk1/2 signaling dysfunction [16]. Here, MAPK3 is linked to Alzheimer disease.