Finally, when we interrogated by GSEA a large cohort of HGSOC patients, i.e. the TCGA-OC dataset (N = 535; see methods), we observed the enrichment for pathways related to cell cycle progression in high-FOXM1 compared to low-FOXM1 tumors (Supplementary Fig. 3), in line with the effect of TME on OCSC. Here, FOXM1 is linked to oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.