MKIs are well established as first- and second-line therapy options for patients with advanced HCC.209In a substantial proportion of selected patients with CCA, molecularly targeted therapy may be an option, with several approved drugs either targeting oncogenic fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusions or gain-of-function variants of IDH1.275Their influence on the VEGFR pathway is thought to increase influx of T cells to the TME and patients with HCC already greatly benefit from the VEGF(R)-targeting therapy and ICI combination (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene KDR and hepatocellular carcinoma.