More recently, mutations in ATP1A3 have been identified in patients with polymicrogyria (Miyatake et al., 2021), early forms of intellectual deficits with epilepsy and ataxia (Paciorkowski et al., 2015), childhood-onset schizophrenia (Smedemark-Margulies et al., 2016), and familial childhood-onset progressive cerebellar syndrome (Jaffer et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene ATP1A3 and cerebellar ataxia.