In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), elevated expression of lncRNA-NORAD in radioresistant ESCC cells was found to confer RT resistance via EEPD1/ATR/Chk1 signalling and by inhibiting pri-miR-199a1 processing and the exosomal transfer of miR-199a-5p [370]. Here, EEPD1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.