These pathways include ‘cytokine receptor binding’, ‘neurotrophin receptor binding’, ‘cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus’, ‘regulation of leukocyte differentiation’, ‘T cell differentiation’, ‘Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation’, ‘interleukin-11 signalling pathway’, ‘DNA damage response (only ATM dependent)’, ‘notch signalling pathway’, and ‘mechanoregulation and pathology of YAP/TAZ via hippo and non-hippo mechanisms’, for genes overlapping T2D and IBD (Supplementary Data 57). Here, ATM is linked to irritable bowel syndrome.