Moreover, elevated insulin levels resulting from hyperinsulinemia trigger insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling, activating key pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) [26]. Here, MTOR is linked to Hyperinsulinemia.