TNF and gestational diabetes: In models including maternal predictors, TNF-α at the 1st GDM visit was inversely associated with offspring weight [β-coefficient= -0.411 (CI: -0.659; -0.163), p=0.001] and BMI at 1 year [β-coefficient= -0.702 (CI: -1.069; -0.335), p=0.000].