MAPK8 and urinary bladder carcinoma: For example, studies have highlighted the role of ALKBH8 in the development of human bladder cancer, where it contributes to the disease process by downregulating NAD(P)H oxidase-1 (NOX-1) and subsequently activating pathways such as the c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 pathways, which are involved in NADPH oxidase 1-dependent ROS production and apoptosis induction (32).