We found that, besides downregulating IRAK1 and TRAF6, miR-146a represses many other potential direct targets, such as Il1a, Il11, Il5ra, Il1r2, Cxcl13, Cxcl5, Osm, Arg1, Igfbp5, and Vsig4. Thus, miR-146a directly targets a number of critical immune response genes to systematically repress the majority of IBD genes induced by the toxic environment factor DSS. This evidence concerns the gene IL1A and inflammatory bowel disease.