GPC3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: (2018), they demonstrated that PD-1 disrupted GPC3-CAR-T cells showed stronger anti-tumor immune response compared to wild-type GPC3-CAR-T cells against PD-L1 Positive HCC cells; additionally, the disruption of PD-1 protected the CAR-T cells from exhaustion compared to wild type CAR-T cells while co-culturing (129).