Adiponectin levels are lower in nonobese patients with CS (20.9 mcg/mL) than in HCs (30.9 mcg/mL), but levels of adiponectin did not differ between patients with CS and obesity compared to those with obesity alone (20.1-22.1 mcg/mL) (239). Here, ADIPOQ is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.