CDKN2A and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: Given the heterogeneity of risk among HRIs, cost–effectiveness analyses offer a way to personalize surveillance: at the highest risk such as individuals with FAMMM (CDKN2A) or Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (STK11), it would be conceivable to conduct surveillance more frequently using more costly methods, while individuals at lower risk could potentially have longer surveillance intervals or utilize less costly, but also less sensitive surveillance methods, depending on their level of PC risk.