Cultured HepG2 human hepatoma cells were chosen as a model to investigate the effects of FAEs as they (a) have been characterized previously in our laboratory regarding their harboring both NRF2 and FOXO signaling cascades [18, 19] and (b) physiologically, liver—although not the ultimate target tissue of FAEs—would be expected to be exposed to systemically applied FAEs via portal blood in vivo. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.