CASP3 and colonic neoplasm: Additionally, another study found that the aqueous extract of A. mexicana encapsulated in gold nanoparticles exhibited antiproliferative effects (IC50 = 12.03 μg/mL at 48 h) and genotoxic effects on human colon cancer cells (HCT-15) by suppressing cell growth and inducing apoptosis through the activation of p53 and caspase-3 genes [68].