Given that the dynamics, duration, and evolution of immune memory during infections are often unpredictable, and the short-term immune response after the resolution of infection has low predictive value for long-term protection [24,25], there is an urgent need to simultaneously evaluate the antibody, memory B cell, and CD4+/CD8+ T cell dynamics responses to distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants for individuals with hybrid immunity. Here, CD4 is linked to infection.