Infection with DTMUV strongly increased the expression of a set of type I IFN genes and key ISGs (Mx1, OAS1, IFITM3, and OASL) through activation of the molecular adaptors MDA5 and TLR-3 involved in the RLR and TLR pathways, respectively, leading to decreased viral replication [132]. The gene discussed is MX1; the disease is infection.