MX1 and infection: On the first day after DTMUV infection, the spleen exhibited the highest virus titers, with upregulation of Rig-1, Mda5, and Tlr3 expression, as well as the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as Il-1β, Il-2, Il-6, and Cxcl8) and antiviral proteins (such as Mx and Oas), with Il-6 showing the most significant increase in expression across all tested tissues [125].