NOD2 and infection: Infection of astrocytes with SARS-CoV-2 would disrupt several pathways, including type I, II, and III interferon signaling; retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I); anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5); nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) sensing; and proinflammatory chemokines/cytokines [46].