EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Figure 2 shows the chemical structure of the three TKIs—erlotinib, gefitinib, and osimertinib—applied in the most common genetic alteration, i.e., EGFR. The recommended doses for these most common therapeutic approaches are 150 mg/day, 250 mg daily, and 80 mg/day for a median of 260 days or 160 mg/day for 171 days for erlotinib, gefitinib, and osimertinib, respectively [46]. Table 3 summarizes the targeted therapies approved for each biomarker in the treatment of advanced NSCLC and the respective frequencies of each biomarker recommended for testing in the present year.