One of the markers of an active infection with Bartonella, i.e., elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [69], has recently been found not only in those with CLD/PTLDS but also in those suffering from long COVID [70], implying a potential overlapping role in driving chronic symptomatology. Here, VEGFA is linked to congenital secretory chloride diarrhea 1.