The entire sample was initially characterized by poor glycaemic control (mean HbA1c 80.0 ± 20.5 mmol/mol), relatively high dose of insulin (mean total daily dose 74.3 ± 36.3 IU/day), and long duration of diabetes but also of insulin therapy (14.3 and 6.4 years on average, respectively). Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.