For example, Ai et al. demonstrated that the memory impairment and dementia induced by chronic brain hypoperfusion (CBH) could be prevented in rats through miR-195-5p overexpression and the resultant suppression of two of its putative targets, APP and BACE1, both of which are up-regulated during CBH and are associated with amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and cognitive impairment [54]. The gene discussed is APP; the disease is memory impairment.