Moreover, adopting a low-calorie, low-protein, low-carbohydrate HFD as a fast-mimicking diet has shown promise in promoting cell regeneration, reducing protein kinase A and mammalian target of rapamycin activity, inducing the expression of SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (Sox2) and neurogenin-3 (Ngn3), and restoring insulin production, secretion, and glucose homeostasis in both T2D mouse models and type 1 diabetes patients [319]. The gene discussed is SOX2; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.